We have scored the climate risk of the 5.685 buildings in El Espinar using Cadastre data, satellite imagery and climate projections, and added it up by area, street and watercourse.
Level of the highest hazard in each 250 m area by 2050: flooding, heat, wildfire, wind or ground movement.
Position among the 8.217 municipalities: further right means more risk. These are figures for the municipality as a whole, the same for everyone; they may differ from those for the typical building. Compare with others →
It comes from matching each building with its neighbourhood, its street, the nearest watercourse and its surroundings.
Around homes with less than 2 % tree cover, the surface in summer is 4,1 °C above the median for El Espinar; with more than 40 % tree cover, 2,1 °C below. 23 homes are in surroundings with almost no trees.
Ground surface temperature (Landsat), not air temperature. More trees usually go with less asphalt and lower density: this is a correlation, not a measure of the effect of planting trees.
These are 3.186 buildings right next to vegetation that can burn. Of these, 26 are blocks of flats with 1.010 homes, where evacuation is harder.
Proximity to woodland and to burnt areas (ESA WorldCover, EFFIS). It does not measure the state of the vegetation or any firebreaks.
In a typical building in El Espinar, nights when the temperature stays at or above 20 °C would rise from 0 a year (1991-2020) to about 5 by 2050. For this reason, 0 % of homes would be at a high or very high level.
Median of the buildings. Intermediate-to-high emissions scenario (SSP3-7.0).
Schools whose surroundings are at least 1 °C hotter than the municipal median in summer. They are the first candidates for shade and tree-lined playgrounds.
Ground surface temperature (Landsat) around the building closest to the OpenStreetMap point.
The 9.378 homes in El Espinar by the level of their building. Tap a hazard to see it on the map.
The same data for all 8.217 municipalities in Spain. Choose what to compare with: municipalities of a similar size, the province, the region or the whole of Spain.
Compared with the 893 municipalities with between 5.000 and 20.000 inhabitants. The bar shows where El Espinar stands: further right means more risk.
| Indicator | El Espinar | Group median | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical nights a year, today | 0 nights | 10 nights | lower than 89 % of them |
| Tropical nights a year, 2050 | 2 nights | 48 nights | lower than 85 % of them |
| Average summer maximum, 2050 | 30,0 °C | 32,4 °C | lower than 69 % of them |
| Night-time heat island | −0,7 °C | 0,4 °C | lower than 98 % of them |
| Flood-prone area (100-year) | 0,1% | 1,2% | lower than 69 % of them |
| Area burnt 2016-2026 | 1,5% | 0,0% | higher than 83 % of them |
| Water stress 2050 (0-5) | 5,0 | 4,8 | higher than 80 % of them |
| Maximum 50-year gust | 30 m/s | 30 m/s | higher than 51 % of them |
| Ground movement | −0,8 mm/yr | −0,6 mm/yr | sinking faster than 61 % of them |
| Population aged 65 or over | 18% | 20% | lower than 66 % of them |
Compared with the 210 municipalities in Segovia province. The bar shows where El Espinar stands: further right means more risk.
| Indicator | El Espinar | Group median | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical nights a year, today | 0 nights | 0 nights | higher than 50 % of them |
| Tropical nights a year, 2050 | 2 nights | 2 nights | higher than 52 % of them |
| Average summer maximum, 2050 | 30,0 °C | 32,4 °C | lower than 95 % of them |
| Night-time heat island | −0,7 °C | 0,0 °C | lower than 95 % of them |
| Flood-prone area (100-year) | 0,1% | 0,0% | higher than 59 % of them |
| Area burnt 2016-2026 | 1,5% | 0,0% | higher than 91 % of them |
| Water stress 2050 (0-5) | 5,0 | 5,0 | higher than 50 % of them |
| Maximum 50-year gust | 30 m/s | 32 m/s | lower than 81 % of them |
| Ground movement | −0,8 mm/yr | −0,6 mm/yr | sinking faster than 86 % of them |
| Population aged 65 or over | 18% | 33% | lower than 90 % of them |
Compared with the 2.298 municipalities in Castile and León. The bar shows where El Espinar stands: further right means more risk.
| Indicator | El Espinar | Group median | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical nights a year, today | 0 nights | 0 nights | lower than 51 % of them |
| Tropical nights a year, 2050 | 2 nights | 1 nights | higher than 76 % of them |
| Average summer maximum, 2050 | 30,0 °C | 32,2 °C | lower than 78 % of them |
| Night-time heat island | −0,7 °C | 0,0 °C | lower than 93 % of them |
| Flood-prone area (100-year) | 0,1% | 0,2% | lower than 52 % of them |
| Area burnt 2016-2026 | 1,5% | 0,0% | higher than 89 % of them |
| Water stress 2050 (0-5) | 5,0 | 4,7 | higher than 82 % of them |
| Maximum 50-year gust | 30 m/s | 33 m/s | lower than 85 % of them |
| Ground movement | −0,8 mm/yr | −0,6 mm/yr | sinking faster than 67 % of them |
| Population aged 65 or over | 18% | 38% | lower than 96 % of them |
Compared with the 8.217 municipalities in Spain. The bar shows where El Espinar stands: further right means more risk.
| Indicator | El Espinar | Group median | Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical nights a year, today | 0 nights | 0 nights | lower than 74 % of them |
| Tropical nights a year, 2050 | 2 nights | 8 nights | lower than 65 % of them |
| Average summer maximum, 2050 | 30,0 °C | 32,4 °C | lower than 75 % of them |
| Night-time heat island | −0,7 °C | 0,1 °C | lower than 94 % of them |
| Flood-prone area (100-year) | 0,1% | 0,6% | lower than 57 % of them |
| Area burnt 2016-2026 | 1,5% | 0,0% | higher than 85 % of them |
| Water stress 2050 (0-5) | 5,0 | 4,6 | higher than 82 % of them |
| Maximum 50-year gust | 30 m/s | 31 m/s | lower than 58 % of them |
| Ground movement | −0,8 mm/yr | −0,4 mm/yr | sinking faster than 70 % of them |
| Population aged 65 or over | 18% | 28% | lower than 89 % of them |
Values for the municipality as a whole (median over built-up land). The position is the percentage of municipalities in the group with a lower value: it is not a probability of damage. 2050 = SSP3-7.0 scenario.
Semicolon-separated tables with a decimal comma, ready to open in a spreadsheet or a GIS (areas include longitude and latitude).
What this is and what it is not. It is a guide-only analysis made with public data and models, with the same rules for every municipality. It does not replace official maps, a technical study or emergency plans. For your own building, look up its report.
Building by building. We have scored the 5.685 Cadastre buildings in El Espinar with the same rules as each building’s report on Mi Riesgo Climático, from 0 to 100 for each hazard: low (up to 25), medium (up to 50), high (up to 75) and very high.
Aggregates only. To protect each owner, no individual building appears here: only 250 m areas with at least 3 buildings, and neighbourhoods and streets with at least 60 homes.
Wildfire and flooding. Wildfire counts proximity to woodland or scrubland of at least 100 ha (not urban parks or tree-lined streets). For flooding, besides the official flood zones, a building that was inside a real flood observed by satellite (Copernicus EMS, such as the 2024 DANA storm) is at least at high level.
2050. Average for 2041-2070 under an intermediate-to-high emissions scenario (SSP3-7.0). Tropical nights and heat change with the climate; flooding, wildfire, wind and ground movement are shown with current data when there is no projection.
Rivers and streams. Named watercourses from OpenStreetMap. We count the homes less than 50 and 100 m from the watercourse and, separately, how many of them are in an official flood zone (SNCZI). Being close does not mean they will flood, and having no official zone does not mean they cannot.
Neighbourhoods and streets. Neighbourhoods and districts from OpenStreetMap; streets according to the Cadastre address. The street heat index combines tropical nights in 2050 (35 %), heat island (30 %), lack of trees (20 %) and buildings from before 1980 (15 %).
Sources. Cadastre (buildings and addresses); ERA5 + CHELSA/CMIP6 MPI-ESM1-2-HR and AdapteCCa (tropical nights and temperature); Landsat 8/9 and MODIS (heat island); ESA WorldCover and EFFIS (wildfire); MITECO SNCZI (flood zones); JRC (coast); ERA5 + Global Wind Atlas (wind); Copernicus EGMS (ground movement); WRI Aqueduct (water); INE (population); OpenStreetMap, © contributors, ODbL (streets, neighbourhoods, rivers and facilities).